Schmidt, Wiebke, Rainville, Louis-Charles, McEneff, Gillian ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2590-413X, Sheehan, David and Quinn, Brian (2014) A proteomic evaluation of the effects of the pharmaceuticals diclofenac and gemfibrozil on marine mussels (Mytilusspp.): evidence for chronic sublethal effects on stress-response proteins. Drug Testing and Analysis, 6 (3). pp. 210-219. ISSN 1942-7603

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Abstract

Human pharmaceuticals (e.g. the lipid regulator gemfibrozil and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac) are an emerging environmental threat in the aquatic environment. This study aimed to evaluate sublethal effects of these two commonly found pharmaceuticals on the protein profiles of marine mussels (Mytilus spp.). Mytilus spp. was exposed to environmentally relevant and elevated concentrations (1 and 1000 µg/l respectively) of both drugs for 14 days. In addition, mussels were maintained for seven days post treatment to examine the potential of blue mussels to recover from such an exposure. Differential protein expression signatures (PES) in the digestive gland of mussels were obtained using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis after 7, 14, and 21 days of exposure. Twelve spots were significantly increased or decreased by gemfibrozil and/or diclofenac, seven of which were successfully identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. These proteins were involved in energy metabolism, oxidative stress response, protein folding, and immune responses. Changes in the PES over time suggested that mussels were still experiencing oxidative stress for up to seven days post exposure. In addition, a suite of biomarkers comprising glutathione transferase, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage were studied. An oxidative stress response was confirmed by biomarker responses. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation using proteomics to assess the potential effects of human pharmaceuticals on a non-target species in an environmentally-relevant model. The successful application of this proteomic approach supports its potential use in pollution biomonitoring and highlights its ability to aid in the discovery of new biomarkers.

Item Type:	Article
Identifier:	10.1002/dta.1463
Keywords:	Diclofenac; gemfibrozil; Mytilus spp; biomarkers; proteomics
Subjects:	Law and criminal justice > Criminal justice > Forensic science Medicine and health > Pharmacology
Depositing User:	Gillian McEneff
Date Deposited:	09 Aug 2017 10:14
Last Modified:	06 Feb 2024 15:53
URI:	https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/3697

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