Wakjira, M.K., Sandy, Peter Thomas ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5164-0038 and Mavhandu-Mudzusi, A.H. (2022) Treatment outcomes of patients with MDR-TB and its determinants at referral hospitals in Ethiopia. PLoS One, 17 (2).

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Abstract

Background
There is limited empirical evidence in Ethiopia on the determinants of treatment outcomes of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) who were enrolled to second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. Thus, this study investigated the determinants of treatment outcomes in patients with MDR-TB at referral hospitals in Ethiopia.

Design and methods
This study was underpinned by a cross-sectional quantitative research design that guided both data collection and analysis. Data is collected using structured questionnaire and data analyses was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Multi-variable logistic regression was used to control for confounders in determining the association between treatment outcomes of patients with MDR-TB and selected predictor variables, such as co-morbidity with MDR-TB and body mass index.

Results
From the total of 136 patients with MDR-TB included in this study, 31% had some co-morbidity with MDR-TB at baseline, and 64% of the patients had a body mass index of less than 18.5 kg/m2. At 24 months after commencing treatment, 76 (69%), n = 110), of the patients had successfully completed treatment, while 30 (27%) died of the disease. The odds of death was significantly higher among patients with low body mass index (AOR = 2.734, 95% CI: 1.01–7.395; P<0.048) and those with some co-morbidity at baseline (AOR = 4.260, 95%CI: 1.607–11.29; p<0.004).

Conclusion
The higher proportion of mortality among patients treated for MDR-TB at Adama and Nekemte Hospitals, central Ethiopia, is attributable to co-morbidities with MDR-TB, including HIV/AIDS and malnutrition. Improving socio-economic and nutritional support and provision of integrated care for MDR-TB and HIV/AIDS is recommended to mitigate the higher level of death among patients treated for MDR-TB.

Item Type:	Article
Identifier:	10.1371/journal.pone.0262318
Additional Information:	Gold OA
Subjects:	Medicine and health > Primary health
Depositing User:	Marc Forster
Date Deposited:	31 Aug 2024 06:29
Last Modified:	04 Nov 2024 11:00
URI:	https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/12364

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