Ahmad, Raheelah, Atun, Rifat A, Birgand, Gabriel, Castro-Sánchez, Enrique ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3351-9496, Charani, Esmita, Ferlie, Ewan B, Hussain, Izhar, Kambugu, Andrew, Labarca, Jaime, Hara, Gabriel Levy, McKee, Martin, Mendelson, Marc, Singh, Sanjeev, Varma, Jay, Zhu, Nina J, Zingg, Walter and Holmes, Alison H (2021) Macro level influences on strategic responses to the COVID-19 pandemic – an international survey and tool for national assessments. Journal of Global Health, 11. ISSN 2047-2978

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Abstract

Background Variation in the approaches taken to contain the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic at country level has been shaped by economic and political considerations, technical capacity, and assumptions about public behaviours. To address the limited application of learning from previous pandemics, this study aimed to analyse perceived facilitators and inhibitors during the pandemic and to inform the development of an assessment tool for pandemic response planning.
Methods A cross-sectional electronic survey of health and non-health care professionals (5 May - 5 June 2020) in six languages, with respondents recruited via email, social media and website posting. Participants were asked to score inhibitors (-10 to 0) or facilitators (0 to +10) impacting country response to COVID-19 from the following domains – Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Ecological, Legislative, and wider Industry (the PESTELI framework). Participants were then asked to explain their responses using free text. Descriptive and thematic analysis was followed by triangulation with the literature and expert validation to develop the assessment tool, which was then compared with four existing pandemic planning frameworks.
Results 928 respondents from 66 countries (57% health care professionals) participated. Political and economic influences were consistently perceived as powerful negative forces and technology as a facilitator across high- and low-income countries. The 103-item tool developed for guiding rapid situational assessment for pandemic planning is comprehensive when compared to existing tools and highlights the interconnectedness of the 7 domains.
Conclusions The tool developed and proposed addresses the problems associated with decision making in disciplinary silos and offers a means to refine future use of epidemic modelling.

Item Type:	Article
Identifier:	10.7189/jogh.11.05011
Subjects:	Medicine and health > Health promotion and public health
Related URLs:	Publisher
Depositing User:	Enrique Castro Sanchez
Date Deposited:	22 Mar 2022 11:47
Last Modified:	06 Feb 2024 16:09
URI:	https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/8729

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