A Systematic review into the application of ground-based Interferometric Radar Systems for bridge monitoring.

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Sotoudeh, Saeed, Lantini, Livia ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0416-1077, Uzor, Stephen and Tosti, Fabio ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-9937 (2025) A Systematic review into the application of ground-based Interferometric Radar Systems for bridge monitoring. Remote Sensing, 17 (9). pp. 1-31.

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Abstract

Ground-based interferometric radar (GBIR) is a powerful remote sensing technique used for infrastructure monitoring, particularly in the field of bridge structural health monitoring (SHM). Despite its high resolution and rapid data acquisition and the availability of various commercial systems, GBIR has not yet been fully recognised or routinely adopted in standard bridge monitoring practices. This study presents a comprehensive review of GBIR technologies and methods historically applied in bridge SHM. A total of 104 peer-reviewed papers were selected through a systematic review process, encompassing 128 monitored bridges assessed using a wide range of GBIR systems. The applications of GBIR across different bridge materials and operational conditions are discussed in detail. The review shows that 76% of GBIR applications focus on roadway and railway bridges. In terms of materials, steel and concrete bridges dominate the dataset, accounting for 95% of the total, while masonry bridges represent only 5%. The GBIR system types examined in this study are categorised into six main groups based on their technical specifications, with their key characteristics and capabilities analysed. The review also investigates bridge feature extraction techniques, revealing a predominant focus on identifying natural frequencies, while fewer studies explore the extraction of damping ratios and structural mode shapes. Furthermore, the integration of GBIR with other sensing technologies—particularly accelerometers—is explored, highlighting opportunities for complementary sensor fusion. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of practice and identifies key areas for future research and technological development.

Item Type: Article
Identifier: 10.3390/rs17091541
Keywords: ground-based interferometric radar (GBIR); structural health monitoring (SHM); bridge monitoring; remote sensing; sensor integration; feature extraction
Subjects: Construction and engineering
Depositing User: Saeed Sotoudeh
Date Deposited: 30 May 2025 15:01
Last Modified: 30 May 2025 15:15
URI: https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/13737

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