Khattak, Farina, Mkrtchyan, Hermine V, Smallman, Duncan, Estridge, Patricia, Allen, Michael J, Short, Fiona, Sutcliffe, Martin and Houdijk, Jos G M (2025) From coastline to feed trough: unlocking Palmaria palmata feed potential for monogastric farm animals. Frontiers in Animal Science, 6.

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Abstract

Palmaria palmata (P. palmata), commonly known as Dulse, is a red seaweed with increasing relevance as a potential sustainable feed ingredient for monogastric animals. It provides balanced proteins, essential amino acids, minerals, and diverse bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. Unlike conventional protein sources, it can be cultivated without competing for arable land or freshwater, aligning with the goals of a circular economy. However, challenges include compositional variability, seasonal and geographic influences, and risks of contaminants such as heavy metals, iodine, and microbial hazards. Feeding trials in non-ruminants demonstrate that inclusion is feasible without adverse effects and may improve gut health and product quality; however, the evidence remains limited in scope and duration. This review consolidates current knowledge on the nutritional composition, bioactive compounds, safety concerns, processing technologies, and feeding outcomes of P. palmata, highlighting evidence gaps for safe inclusion levels, optimised processing, hazard management, and sustainability evaluation.

Item Type:	Article
Identifier:	10.3389/fanim.2025.1717400
Keywords:	Palmaria palmata, red seaweed, dulse, processing, monogastric feed, circular feed ingredient, nutrient composition
Subjects:	Natural sciences
Date Deposited:	08 Sep 2026
Dates:	Date Publication status 31 October 2025 Accepted 19 November 2025 Published
School, department or research centre:	School of Medicine and Biosciences
Keywords:	Palmaria palmata, red seaweed, dulse, processing, monogastric feed, circular feed ingredient, nutrient composition
URI:	https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/15303

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